Himars Vs Tornado - The Tornado is a family of related multiple rocket launchers developed by NPO Splav for the Russian Ground Forces.
Variants of the system, which include the Tornado-G and Tornado-S models, have different capabilities and different roles on the battlefield.
Himars Vs Tornado
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The 9A52-4 Tornado system is a light missile launcher. There are two other systems. A modular MLRS based on the MZKT-79306 truck, which can carry two BM-27 Uragan or BM-30 Smerch launchers and one based on the Kamaz 6×6 truck. The Tornado-G system is an upgrade package for the existing BM-21 Grad. The Russian government has ordered 36 new Tornado-Gs on the Kamaz 6x6 chassis to replace the old systems based on the Ural-4320 truck.
The Tornado-G model is intended to replace the BM-21 Grad multi-barrel rocket launcher. Currently the only operator is the Russian ground forces. The version will be approved for export.
Three advanced variants of the 122mm Grad high-explosive (HE) rocket with fragmentation (HE-Frag) and HE high-explosive anti-tank (HE/HEAT) rocket for the Tornado-G multiple rocket system (MLRS) codenamed 9M538, 9M539 and 9M541 have a significant increase in firepower, but with a shorter range.
The upgraded Tornado-S has been upgraded with a special GLONASS satellite navigation system used in the Smerch missile system. The Tornado-S has guided missiles with a range of 72 miles (120 km). The Tornado-S has a longer range and increased efficiency, due to the use of new warhead payloads and a reduced launch readiness time of just three minutes.
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The 300mm multiple rocket launcher was first introduced in 2007 as a more strategic and tactical mobile launcher, albeit with a slight reduction in firepower.
The Tornado 9A52-4 system is based on the chassis of the KamAZ-63501 8×8 military truck, which provides good tactical mobility. It is equipped with one container with six 300 mm rocket tubes, capable of firing all Smerch missiles, including HE-FRAG, incdiari, thermobaric, cluster anti-personnel or anti-tank mines. Cartridge rounds can also carry self-aiming anti-tank ammunition.
A standard 800 kg rocket has a maximum range of 90 km. The range and direction correction system provides better accuracy compared to its predecessors. The 9A52-4 can launch missiles singly, in a partial wave or in a full salvo, which can cover an area of 32 hectares. A full salvo can be fired within 20 seconds. The 9A52-4 carrier can be charged in 8 minutes.
The launcher is designed for use with 122 mm and 220 mm rockets. The weapon system is equipped with an automated fire placement and control system, as well as an autonomous satellite navigation and positioning system. Positioning and firing data is exchanged between the carrier vehicle and the command vehicle.
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In 2020, a new 9M544 precision missile with a longer range (probably 200 km) was tested for the Tornado-S system with cluster fragmentation ammunition. It is interesting that the system in its own country was evaluated much more objectively and comprehensively.
We saw a similar elevation to a pedestal by Ukrainian propaganda workers earlier with the PTRK FGM-148 spear. At that time, it was also about the reversal of the resistance and the coming dominance of the VSU over the forces of the Russian Federation. However, this did not happen, and the PZRK in the subnational mass were either taken from the machine, or fell into the hands of LDNR fighters as trophies, or were sold to the VSU on the black market.
According to its indicators, technical characteristics and the combat tasks it fulfills, HIMARS should be compared with the complex with the same designation - Tornado-S (RSZO Smerch).
The wheeled chassis salvo missile system M142 HIMARS was developed in 1996-2000. Their deployment began in 2005, and the first combat use of the system was observed in July 2007 in the Iraqi province of Al-Anbar. According to the known data, a total of 540 units were launched, which were used during the wars in Afghanistan, the civil war in Syria and the civil war in Iraq.
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9K515 "Tornado-C" is a deep modernization of 9K58 "Smerch", developed since 2012 by Tula JSC "NPO Splav" to replace RSZO "Grad" and "Smerch". The first combat application of the Smerch MLRS was recorded in 1999 during the second war in Chechnya. These complexes were used in 2011 by the Syrian Arab Army during the civil war in Syria, in 2014 during the armed conflict in eastern Ukraine and in 2020 during military operations in Nagorno-Karabakh.
Both products are intended for defeating long-range approaches to group targets, tactical missiles, anti-aircraft complexes, command posts, etc. Both are equipped with advanced electronic equipment, capable of receiving target information using BPLA and satellite data.
In terms of ammunition used, Tornado-S is dominated by HIMARS. Currently, the Tornado-S firing range is up to 120 km, with the first prospect of increasing it to 200 km. At that time, HIMARS is capable of delivering fire at a distance of 80 kilometers. It is worth mentioning that the American system can theoretically fire at 300 kilometers, but only when firing a personal tactical missile ATACMS Block IAs cluster warhead with 300 warheads and an inertial control system. By the way, they were not located in Ukraine.
For the RSZO Tornado-S was developed, tested and adopted for arming long-range missiles from the main unit and the ability to operationally direct each combat unit to its target. With its help, you can carry out point strikes, including on a moving target, such as columns of marching techniques, railway echelons, an opponent who is already in the offensive.
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12 направлауших для реактивных нарадов расчету расчету "Tornado-S" накривать огену пласадь в 60 gaktariv. Dobit'sa takogo zhe pokasetela, imea segogo napralausih, ustanovlennih HIMARS, impossible.
On the planet Pezaradki, the American machine actually outperforms the Tornado-S. A well-trained rocket is capable of regenerating a pack of rockets and producing a second salvo of its own power. But because of this, I am forced to constantly change the location of dislocations in order to avoid retaliation, which negatively affects those shootings.
At the same time, the fact that the HIMARS was cheaper, originating from the M270, a 12-track chassis system, was connected with the desire to obtain transportability while saving combat power.
The main minus of HIMARS compared to "Tornado-S" is its complex fire control system, vibro targets and forced solutions. Dla effektifnogo ispolzovania sistemi trebuetsa sovokupnost' different types of intelligence. For this reason, VSU will only use them for point shots early in the offense. Porazat' dvizhusiesa celi or proizvod' operativnu koretirovku ogna po nnov' obsvetnim celim trebuet znachennih vremennih zatratov.
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At the same time, "Tornado-S" is equipped with a system for autonomous correction of the flight trajectory of reactive missiles, and for targeting it can also use BPLA, which is launched directly from the combat vehicle.
It is not important to compare the other characteristics of the two RSZO. So, for example, for this reason, to transfer from the combat position to the transport test crew, HIMARS needs about 180 seconds on average, and "Tornado-S" - about 60 seconds. Which is critically important for operational repositioning and avoiding retaliatory fire.
The maximum speed that the purchased complex can develop on the highway - 85 km/h for an American machine and 60 km/h for a domestic one. At the same time, the walk is different from the rest. 450 km for HIMARS vs. 850 km for Tornado-S.
In conclusion, it is important to note that the unification of the ammunition and the fire control system allows the Tornado-S complex to be used in various combat conditions. Computational retraining can be done virtually on the front line. At that time, due to the training to work with HIMARS, it takes a lot of time.
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Based on information from various sources, it can be said that VSU received from 12 to 16 HIMARS units. According to the Military Balance, at the beginning of 2021 there were 120 "Smerchey" and "Tornado-S" in the armed forces of the Russian Federation. Even with the account of combat activities, during the implementation of the SVO, the balance of forces in relation to the MLRS remains suboptimal in favor of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Twenty armed western models cannot radically change the situation on the fronts.
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